The agricultural land-use model that predicts land use based on distance to market and is often drawn as rings, sectors, or realms is named after which economist?

The agricultural land-use model that predicts land use based on distance to market and is often drawn as rings, sectors, or realms is named after which economist?

• A. Von Thunen, Johann
• B. Hoyt, Homer
• C. Christaller, Walter
• D. Mackinder, Halford

Answer: (A)

This question tests how distance to a market shapes what is grown where, with land use arranged in rings around a central market. The model shows land rent and profitability decrease as you move away from the market, so different crops and activities appear in successive rings to minimize transport costs and spoilage. The model described is named after Johann Heinrich von Thünen. He proposed a single-market, concentric-ring pattern where near the market you find perishable, high-value crops and dairy; a surrounding ring for timber; then grains farther out; and pasture or grazing on the outer rings. This explains why different agricultural activities are located at varying distances from the market: transport costs and perishability drive the organization of land use. Other options reference different geographic theories (urban sectors around a city, or geopolitical realms), not this agricultural land-use pattern driven by distance to market.

This question tests how distance to a market shapes what is grown where, with land use arranged in rings around a central market. The model shows land rent and profitability decrease as you move away from the market, so different crops and activities appear in successive rings to minimize transport costs and spoilage.

The model described is named after Johann Heinrich von Thünen. He proposed a single-market, concentric-ring pattern where near the market you find perishable, high-value crops and dairy; a surrounding ring for timber; then grains farther out; and pasture or grazing on the outer rings. This explains why different agricultural activities are located at varying distances from the market: transport costs and perishability drive the organization of land use.

Other options reference different geographic theories (urban sectors around a city, or geopolitical realms), not this agricultural land-use pattern driven by distance to market.